Converting between Octal, Binary, Hex

ord
hex
chr
int
bin
format

Lets convert a string of characters into its unicode value for each character using list comprehension with ord and join method



In [28]:

    
s1 = 'This is a test string'
# [ord(x) for x in s1] This list comprehension gives us a list of integer values for each character
# join takes a sequence of str() and joins them
' '.join([str(ord(x)) for x in s1])









    Out[28]:





'84 104 105 115 32 105 115 32 97 32 116 101 115 116 32 115 116 114 105 110 103'

Lets convert a string of characters into its unicode value for each character using format and join method



In [45]:

    
' '.join([format(ord(x)) for x in s1])









    Out[45]:





'84 104 105 115 32 105 115 32 97 32 116 101 115 116 32 115 116 114 105 110 103'

What about a text string into binary



In [49]:

    
' '.join([format(ord(x), 'b') for x in s1])









    Out[49]:





'1010100 1101000 1101001 1110011 100000 1101001 1110011 100000 1100001 100000 1110100 1100101 1110011 1110100 100000 1110011 1110100 1110010 1101001 1101110 1100111'

If we want it to be 8 bits long



In [50]:

    
' '.join([format(ord(x), 'b').zfill(8) for x in s1])









    Out[50]:





'01010100 01101000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01100001 00100000 01110100 01100101 01110011 01110100 00100000 01110011 01110100 01110010 01101001 01101110 01100111'



In [ ]:

What about a text string into hex using format and join

converting each character into its unicode ordinal value then format that result into a hex while joining each character into a string thats space seperated each value



In [48]:

    
' '.join([format(ord(x), 'x') for x in s1])









    Out[48]:





'54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 61 20 74 65 73 74 20 73 74 72 69 6e 67'

What about a text string into octal



In [51]:

    
' '.join([format(ord(x), 'o') for x in s1])









    Out[51]:





'124 150 151 163 40 151 163 40 141 40 164 145 163 164 40 163 164 162 151 156 147'



In [ ]:

ord()

Takes a single character and returns its unicode value



In [26]:

    
ord?



In [27]:

    
# This is an integer value
ord('T')









    Out[27]:





84

hex()

Takes an integer and returns hexadecimal representation



In [29]:

    
hex(16)









    Out[29]:





'0x10'



In [ ]:

chr()

returns a unicode string of one character with ordinal i



In [30]:

    
chr?



In [33]:

    
chr(84)









    Out[33]:





'T'

bin()

Takes an int and returns the binary representation



In [1]:

    
bin?

int

takes a number or string representing a number and a base and converts into an integer When specifying a base, the first argument must be a string

With int you specify the base of the string, not the base your trying to convert to converts everything to ints



In [38]:

    
int('0xDEADBEEF', 16)









    Out[38]:





3735928559



In [39]:

    
int('DEADBEEF', 16)









    Out[39]:





3735928559



In [40]:

    
int('DEADBEEF')









    



---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-40-cec20055003e> in <module>()
----> 1 int('DEADBEEF')

ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'DEADBEEF'



In [41]:

    
int('0oDEADBEEF', 16)









    



---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-41-14764782b3fc> in <module>()
----> 1 int('0oDEADBEEF', 16)

ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 16: '0oDEADBEEF'

Given a hex/octal/binary number, how do you get the ascii/utf-8 string back

convert everything back to an int using int() and specifying the base
convert ints back into ordinal using chr()



In [55]:

    
chr(int('54', 16))









    Out[55]:





'T'



In [56]:

    
chr(int('124', 8))









    Out[56]:





'T'



In [57]:

    
chr(int('01010100', 2))









    Out[57]:





'T'

format

Specify how to format the output with base and size



In [32]:

    
format?



In [34]:

    
format(x, 'x')









    



---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-34-728353f98d04> in <module>()
----> 1 format('T', 'x')

ValueError: Unknown format code 'x' for object of type 'str'



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